Kei te tere tipu haere ngā mākete pākahiko lithium-ion me te pikinga ake o te hiahia mō ngā waka hiko, te rokiroki pūngao hou, me ngā hikohiko kaihoko. Engari, me rite tonu ki te hiahia kia kaha te whakahaere i te taiao pērā i te whakahaere i te nui o te haumākū i roto i te hanga pākahiko whai hua, me pērā anō hoki mōte whakamaroke i te pākahiko lithiumHe tukanga tino nui te whakamaroke i te makuku o te pākahiko lithium e pupuri ana i te kounga, te haumaru, me te roa o te ora o te hua. Ka ngaro pea te whai huatanga o ngā pākahiko, ka poto ake te roa o te ora, ā, ka pakaru kino pea mēnā kāore te makuku e whakahaeretia.

Ka whakaratohia e tēnei pepa he tirohanga whānui mō te hiranga o ngā rūma maroke whakamaroke pākahiko lithium i roto i te hanga pākahiko hou, me ngā wāhanga matua e arotahihia ana e ngā kaihanga rūma maroke whakamaroke pākahiko lithium i te wā e whakamahere ana, e arotau ana hoki i ngā wāhi whakahaeretia.

He aha te take kāore e taea ai te whakakore i te makuku o te pākahiko lithium

He tino pāngia ngā pākahiko lithium-ion e te makuku i ngā wā katoa o te tukanga whakaputa, mai i te huihuinga hiko ki te huihuinga pūtau me te katinga. Mā te iti o te mamaoa wai ka arahi ki:

Te Werowerotanga o te Irahiko – Ka werowero te irahiko (te nuinga o te wā ko te lithium hexafluorophosphate, LiPF6) hei waikawa hauwaiwai (HF), ka whakaiti i ngā wāhanga o te pākahiko, ka whakaiti hoki i te mahi.

Te Waikura o te Irahiko – Ka waikura ngā anode me ngā tote whakarewa lithium ina pā ki te wai, ka ngaro te kaha me te hanga ātete ā-roto.

Te Hanganga o ngā Hau me te Pupuhi – Ko te urunga o te wai ka hua ake te hanganga o ngā hau (hei tauira, te CO₂ me te H₂), te pupuhi o te pūtau, ā, ka pakaru pea.

Ngā Mōrearea Haumaru – Ka whakanui ake te haumākū i te mōrearea o te rerenga wera, he tauhohenga mekameka haumaru pea ka arahi ki ngā ahi, ki ngā pahūtanga rānei.

Hei ārai i ēnei raruraru, me waihanga e ngā pūnaha whakamaroke i te haumākū mō ngā pākahiko lithium he taumata haumākū tino iti, i raro iho i te 1% te haumākū whanaunga (RH).

Te Hoahoa i te Whakamaroke Whai Hua i te Pūhiko Ritiumu mō ngā Rūma Maroke

Ko te whakamaroke i te rūma maroke o te pākahiko lithium e pā ana ki tētahi āhuarangi kua hiritia, kua whakahaeretia, ā, kua whakahaeretia te haumākū, te pāmahana, me te ma o te hau i tētahi taumata. He mea nui ngā rūma maroke mō ngā mahi nui, pēnei i:

Paninga me te Whakamaroke i te Irahiko – Ka ārai ngā rūma maroke i te hekenga o te here me te whakahaere i te matotoru o te irahiko.

Te Whakakī irahiko – Ahakoa he iti noa te makuku, ka taea e ia te hua ake he tauhohenga matū morearea.

Te Hiri me te Huihuinga Pūtau – Ko te ārai i te urunga o te wai i mua i te hiri whakamutunga te mea nui ki te pumau mō te wā roa.

Ngā Āhuatanga Tino Hira o ngā Rūma Maroke Mahi-Tiketike

Hangarau Whakamaroke Matatau

Ngā Whakamaroke Makuku – He rerekē ki ngā pūnaha whakamatao, ka whakamahia e ngā whakamaroke whakamakuku ngā rauemi mimiti (hei tauira, te silica gel, ngā tātari ngota rānei) hei hopu matū i te wai ki ngā pūwāhi tomairangi tae noa ki te -60°C (-76°F).

Te Whakahaere i te Hau – Mā te hurihanga anō o te hau maroke ka ārai i te urunga o te makuku o waho.

Te Mana Pāmahana me te Rere Hau Tika

Mā te pāmahana pumau (20-25°C) ka ārai i te haukū.

He iti te poke o ngā matūriki e te rere laminar, he mea nui mō te tohu mō te rūma ma.

Te Hanga me te Hiritanga Totoka

Mā ngā pakitara kua hiritia, kua raka-rua ngā raka hau, me ngā mea ātete-haumākū (hei tauira, ngā panera maitai kore waikura, ngā panera kua pania ki te epoxy) ka ārai i te urunga mai o te haumākū o waho.

Te pēhanga pai hei ārai i te urunga o ngā poke ki te wāhi e whakahaeretia ana.

Aroturuki me te Aunoatanga Wā-Tūturu

Ka aroturuki tonu ngā pūoko i te makuku, ā, ka urupare ngā pūnaha whakahaere aunoa i te wā tonu hei pupuri i ngā āhuatanga tino pai.

Mā te tuhi raraunga ka taea te whai i te kounga hei whakapūmau i te kounga.

Te Kōwhiri i ngā Kaihanga Rūma Maroke mō te Whakamaroke i te Pūhiko Ritiumu Tika

Mā te whiriwhiri i tētahi kaiwhakarato pono ka roa te mahi me te tutuki i ngā ture. Ko ngā paearu hei whakamahi mā te whiriwhiri i ngā kaihanga rūma maroke mō te whakamaroke i te haumākū o te pākahiko lithium ko:

1. Mātauranga Motuhake mō te Taupānga

E mōhio ana ngā kaihanga kua roa nei e hanga pākahiko lithium-ion ki te tairongo o ngā pākahiko lithium ki te makuku.

Tirohia ngā rangahau take, ngā taunakitanga rānei mai i ngā kamupene pākahiko kounga teitei.

2. Ngā Otinga Tauine

Me taea te whakawhānui ake i ngā rūma maroke, mai i ngā whare rangahau me te whakawhanake iti ki ngā raina whakaputa nui-wheketere.

He māmā noa iho te tāpiri i ngā kōwae ā muri ake nei.

3. Te Whai Hua o te Pūngao me te Whakapūmautanga

Ka whakaitihia ngā whakapaunga whakahaere e ngā wira whakamaroke whai hua me te whakaora wera.

Kei te piki haere te tuku mai a ētahi kaihanga i ngā mea mimiti taiao hei whakaiti i ngā tapuwae taiao.

4. Te Whakatutuki i ngā Paerewa o te Ao

ISO 14644 (ngā akomanga rūma ma)

Ngā ture haumaru pākahiko (UN 38.3, IEC 62133)

GMP (Te Tikanga Hanga Pai) mō te hanga pākahiko taumata hauora

5. Tautoko i muri i te Tāutanga

Mā te tiaki ārai mate, ngā ratonga whakatikatika, me ngā ratonga ohorere ka tino tika te whakaputanga.

Ngā Auahatanga Hou o te Whakamaroke i ngā Pūhiko Ritiumu

I te whanaketanga o ngā hangarau pākahiko, ka whanake haere anō hoki ngā hangarau whakamaroke haumākū. Ko ētahi o ngā whanaketanga tino nui ko:

Mana Matapae me te AI – Ka aromatawaihia ngā au o te makuku mā roto i ngā rauropi ako mīhini e arotau ana i ngā tautuhinga i runga i te huarahi motuhake.

Rūma Maroke Ā-Motu me te Nekeneke – Mā te hanganga mono-ā-ringa ka taea te tāuta tere ki ngā hanganga hou.

Ngā Hoahoa Whakamahi Pūngao Iti – Ka whakaitihia e ngā hangarau pēnei i ngā whakawhiti wera hurihuri te whakamahinga pūngao tae atu ki te 50%.

Whakamaroke Kakariki – Kei te tūhuratia te oranga tonutanga o te taiao mō ngā whakamaroke o ngā pūnaha hangarua wai me ngā pūnaha e ahu mai ana i te koiora.

Whakamutunga

Ko te whakamaroke i te makuku o te pākahiko lithium te mea tino nui o te hanga pākahiko lithium kounga teitei. Mā te whakapau moni ki ngā pākahiko lithium hou me te whakamaroke i ngā rūma maroke ka taea te karo i te pakaru o te makuku, te whakarite kia pai ake te haumaru, me te whakarato i te mahi tino pai. I te wā e whiriwhiri anate whakamaroke i te pākahiko lithium i roto i ngā rūma marokengā kaihanga, whakaarohia te wheako ki te whakamahinga, te whakaritenga, me te tutuki i ngā whakaritenga kia puta ai te mahi pai rawa atu.

 

Ā, i te whakapai ake o te hangarau ki te āhua totoka me te kiato pūngao teitei ake, me whai tonu te hangarau whakamaroke i te haumākū, me te whakapai ake i te whai huatanga me te whakahaere i te haumākū kia kaha ake. Ko te hanga pākahiko o te heke mai e whakawhirinaki ana ki te auahatanga hoahoa rūma maroke, ā, he mea nui tēnei mō te whānui ake o te heke mai.