Imveliso yeSemiconductor ayixoleli ngokuchaneka. Njengoko ii-transistors zicuthwa kwaye ukujikeleza kunyuswa, kwanamanqanaba amancinci okuguquguquka kokusingqongileyo anokubangela iziphene, ilahleko yesivuno, okanye ukusilela kokuthembeka kokugqibela. Ngokungathandabuzekiyo, eyona nkalo ibalulekileyo nengahoywanga yenkqubo engenaziphene kukulawula ukufuma. Ukusebenza okuphezulu akusekwanga kuphela kwisixhobo sococeko se-semiconductor ye-state-of-the-art, kodwa kwi-semiconductor cleanroom dehumidification practices ngokucokisekileyo ngesazela kunye neeparameters zenkqubo ethile ekugxilwe kuyo.

Indima yokufuma kwiSemiconductor Manufacturing

Ukufuma ayisiyonto nje yokunethezeka-yinto ebalulekileyo kumaziko okuvelisa i-semiconductor. Ukufuma okungalawulekiyo kubangela ezi ngozi zilandelayo:

• I-oxidation yemigangatho ye-wafer enobuthathaka
• Ukukhutshwa kwe-Electrostatic (ESD), ngakumbi kwiimeko zokufuma okuphantsi
• Ungcoliseko lwesuntswana ngokuncamatheliswa komphunga wamanzi
• Ukonakala okubangelwa kukufuma ngexesha lokupakishwa kunye nezigaba zokuvavanya

Ekubeni izixhobo ze-semiconductor zenziwa kwi-nanometer scales namhlanje, le mingcipheko iyanda. Ke, ulawulo lokufuma kwe-semiconductor ayisiyonto nje ilungileyo-yinto efunekayo yobugcisa.

Qonda igumbi lokucoca iSemiconductor

Iifektri zokwenziwa kweSemiconductor, okanye iilaphu, zakhiwe ngamanqanaba amasuntswana omoya aphantsi kakhulu, ukuguquguquka kobushushu, kunye nokufuma. Amagumbi okucoca ahlelwe ngokwenani elamkelekileyo kunye nobubanzi beengqungquthela kwi-cubic meter ngokwe-ISO okanye i-Federal Standard 209E.

Kule meko, izixhobo zokucoca igumbi le-semiconductor azilawuli kuphela ukuhamba komoya kunye nokucoca kodwa zinzinzisa ubushushu kunye nokufuma. Ukudityaniswa kweenkqubo zegumbi lokucoca kufuneka kuqinisekise ukuba iiparamitha zokusingqongileyo ziyahambelana. Oku kuyinyani ngokukodwa kwimisebenzi ebuthathaka efana ne-lithography, i-chemical vapor deposition (CVD), kunye ne-etching.

IziXhobo zeSemiconductor eziBalulekileyo zeGumbi loLawulo lokusiNgqongileyo

Iindwangu zanamhlanje zisebenzisa izixhobo ezahlukeneyo ezinomsebenzi ophezulu ukujonga iimeko zokusingqongileyo. Kucoceko lomoya kunye nolawulo lokufuma, ezi zixhobo zilandelayo zibaluleke kakhulu:

• Iifilitha ze-HEPA kunye ne-ULPA: Susa iincinci ze-airborne zincinci njenge-0.12 microns, ukujongana nokucoceka komoya kunye nokulawulwa komswakama ngokuqinisekisa iipatheni ezizinzileyo zokuhamba komoya.
• Iinkqubo zeHVAC zeHVAC ezicocekileyo: Iinkqubo zokufudumeza ezikhethekileyo, ukungena komoya, kunye neenkqubo zokupholisa umoya zilungelelaniswe ngokukodwa kwiindawo ezizimeleyo zegumbi lokucoca.
• IiNkqubo zokuBek'esweni kokusiNgqongileyo: Hlala ubukele ukufuma, ubushushu, kunye neenxalenye ezisemoyeni, zinika isilumkiso sexesha lokwenyani kunye nokuloga kwedatha.
• IiYunithi zokuThuthukiswa kombethe: Zidityaniswe kwiinkqubo ze-HVAC kumaxesha amaninzi, ezi zezona zixhobo ziphambili ekufumaneni iindawo ezinombethe ezisezantsi kakhulu kwiindawo ezinovakalelo oluphezulu.

Zonke izixhobo ze-semiconductor cleanroom kufuneka ziyilwe ngokugcinwa okuphantsi, ukuhambelana, kunye nokuthembeka ukuqinisekisa ixesha kunye nokuzinza kwenkqubo.

Ubuchwephesha beSemiconductor obukwinqanaba eliPhambili lokuCoca i-Dehumidification Techniques

Ukulawulwa kokufuma okugqibeleleyo kumagumbi acocekileyo e-semiconductor ngumngeni wezobuchwepheshe, ngakumbi xa ubume bendawo yokufuma iphezulu okanye iphantsi kakhulu, ifuna izityalo (ezingaphantsi kwe -40°C okanye -60°C). Kulapho itekhnoloji ye-semiconductor cleanroom dehumidification ingena khona.

Iindlela zokususa ubumanzi ezisetyenzisiweyo zezi:

• I-Desiccant Dehumidifiers: Ezi zisebenzisa imathiriyeli ye-hygroscopic ukumisa umoya kwaye zilungele ukusetyenziswa kwe-RH ephantsi.
• Ii-Dehumidifiers eziSekwe kwisikhenkcisi: Zipholisa umoya ukuze zithuthe amanzi, zilungele amanqanaba aqhelekileyo olawulo lokufuma.
• Iinkqubo zeHybrid: I-Desiccant kunye nefriji idibaniswe ukuze isebenze ngokufanelekileyo phantsi kweemeko zokulawula ezingqongqo.

Iinkqubo zihlala zakhiwe ngesakhono socando, apho iindawo zomntu ngamnye zegumbi lokucoca zinokuba namanqanaba ahlukeneyo okufuma ngokwenqanaba lenkqubo kunye novakalelo lwezixhobo.

Izinto eziluncedo zoLawulo oluDityanisiweyo lokufuma kweSemiconductor

Indlela edibeneyo yokulawula ukufuma kwesemiconductor ineengenelo ezininzi zokusebenza:

• Isivuno esiphuculweyo: Ukufuma okungaguqukiyo kuthintela iziphene zokufuma kwaye kubonelela ngomlinganiselo ophezulu weetshiphusi ezisebenzisekayo.
• Ixesha lokuphumla elincitshisiweyo: Iinkqubo ezizenzekelayo zolawulo lokusingqongileyo zinciphisa ukwenza umdlalo ngesandla kunye nokulungiswa kweempazamo kubuncinci obupheleleyo.
• Ukuthobela kunye neSiqinisekiso: Ukuthotyelwa kwe-ISO 14644 okanye isiqinisekiso se-GMP kuba lula ngeenkqubo zolawulo ezigqwesileyo ezisebenzayo.
• Ukonelisa amandla: Iinkqubo ezikwinqanaba eliphezulu lokuphelisa umswakama zinokonga amandla kodwa zilawuleke ngaphakathi kwemida engqongqo.

Ukongezelela, kunye neendwangu ezizenzekelayo kunye ne-AI, iinkqubo zokulawula ukufuma ziyadityaniswa kwezinye iinkqubo, ezifana neenkqubo zokwenziwa kwemveliso (MES) kunye neenkqubo zolawulo lwezakhiwo (BMS), ukuba zilawulwe kwi-central kunye no-predictive-maintenance-capable.

Ukuqukumbela

Ukulawulwa kokufuma kuyo yonke imveliso ye-semiconductor ayikho ngaphantsi kwenkxalabo yesibini-yinto engaphakathi evumela umgangatho, ukuhambelana, kunye nenzuzo. Ukusebenzisa itekhnoloji yokucoca i-semiconductor ekumgangatho ophezulu kunye neendlela ezifanelekileyo zokucoca igumbi lokucoca i-semiconductor, iilaphu zinokufezekisa ukunyamezela okuchanekileyo okufunekayo ukwenza iitshiphusi zesizukulwana esilandelayo.

Ngokwamkela iinkqubo ezihlanganisiweyo, ezikrelekrele, kunye nezonga amandla okulawula ukufuma kwe-semiconductor, uzibeka kwindawo yokuhlangabezana neemfuno ezandayo zeemarike ukusuka kwi-AI kunye ne-IoT ukuya kwiimoto kunye ne-aerospace. Kwihlabathi apho imicron enye ibalulekile, okusingqongileyo okwenzayo kubaluleke ngakumbi.