Kwiimarike zokugcina umbane (i-EV) kunye nokugcinwa kwamandla ezikhula ngokukhawuleza, ukusebenza kwebhetri kunye nokuthembeka zezona zinto zixhalabisa kakhulu. Enye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo zomgangatho webhetri kukugcina umswakama uphantsi kolawulo kwimveliso. Umswakama ogqithisileyo unokubangela iimpembelelo zamakhemikhali ezinokunciphisa ubomi bebhetri, zonyuse ukuzikhupha, kwaye zibeke emngciphekweni ukhuseleko. Kulapho ubunjineli begumbi elomileyo lebhetri kunye nezixhobo ezichanekileyo zifika khona phambili. Ukuze amashishini afumane amanqaku aphezulu okusebenza, igumbi elomileyo elizinzileyo lokwenza iibhetri ayilokhetho—yinto efunekayo.

Ukubaluleka kwamagumbi omileyo kwiibhetri

Iibhetri zeLithium-ion zi-hygroscopic. Umphunga wamanzi ngobuninzi obuncinci kakhulu uya kudibana ne-lithium salts kwi-electrolyte ukuze kuveliswe i-hydrofluoric acid (HF), ephazamisa ulwakhiwo lwangaphakathi lwebhetri. Iindawo ezinomswakama ophantsi kakhulu, ngokuqhelekileyo ezingaphantsi kwe-1% yomswakama oqhelekileyo (RH), kufuneka zibonelelwe ukulungiselela i-electrode, ukuhlanganisa iiseli, kunye nokuzaliswa kwe-electrolyte.

Igumbi elomileyo lokwenza iibhetri elisemgangathweni ophezulu lifakelwe indawo elawulwayo ye-1% RH okanye ngaphantsi kwe-1% yokufuma (amanqaku ombethe angaphantsi kwe--40°C). Libonelela ngeemeko zemveliso ezizinzileyo, linciphisa umngcipheko wongcoliseko, kwaye libonelela ngokusebenza rhoqo kweebhetri.

Izinto Eziphambili Ezisetyenziswa Kwizixhobo Zegumbi Elomileyo Zeebhetri

Namhlanje, izixhobo zegumbi elomileyo zebhetri zinezixhobo zokucoca umswakama eziphucukileyo, iiyunithi ze-HVAC ezisebenzayo kakhulu, kunye nezixhobo zokubeka esweni ezichanekileyo. Izinto ezibalulekileyo zezi:

• Izixhobo zokususa umswakama– Le nkqubo isebenzisa i-desiccant media eyimfihlo ukurhoxisa umswakama emoyeni nokudala iindawo ezomileyo kakhulu.
• Iinkqubo zokujikeleza komoya– Ukuhamba komoya kuyilwe ngononophelo ukuthintela iingxowa zomswakama ukuba zingabikho kwaye zigcine iimeko zokusingqongileyo zifana.
• Izinzwa zoBumanzi kunye noBushushu– Ukubeka esweni idatha ngexesha langempela kubalulekile ukuze kuchongwe ukuguquguquka kunye neemeko ezifanelekileyo.
• Iinkqubo zoBuyiselo lwaMandla– Ekubeni iindawo ezinomswakama ophantsi kakhulu zifuna amandla amaninzi, iteknoloji yokonga amandla inciphisa iindleko zokusebenza.

Xa ezi teknoloji zidityaniswa, izixhobo zegumbi elomileyo zebhetri zanamhlanje zibonelela ngokuchanekileyo ngokonga amandla.

Uyilo olutsha kwi-Dry Room Battery Engineering

Kufuneka izixhobo ezingaphezulu kwezixhobo ukwakha igumbi elomileyo nelisebenzayo—lifuna ubunjineli begumbi elomileyo elisebenza ngebhetri epheleleyo. Uqwalaselo, iipatheni zokuhamba komoya, ukwahlulahlula iindawo, kunye nezinto ezisetyenziswayo zonke zizinto ekufuneka zenziwe kakuhle. Ukuguquguquka koyilo olukhula njengoko imveliso ifuna ngoku kujoliswe kwizicwangciso ezintsha zobunjineli.

Izinto ezintsha zezi:

• Amagumbi Omileyo AneModular Nanokwandiswa– Oku kuvumela abavelisi ukuba bonyuse umthamo ngaphandle koyilo olutsha oluntsonkothileyo lwezixhobo.
• Ukuphuculwa kwamandla– Itekhnoloji ye-HVAC ekrelekrele kunye nezisombululo zokubuyisa ubushushu zinciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla nge-30%.
• Ukubeka esweni okusekwe kwi-AI– Ukufunda koomatshini kuchonga iindlela zokufuma kwaye kuqikelele iimfuno zokugcinwa, okunciphisa ixesha lokungasebenzi.

Indlela yobunjineli begumbi elomileyo ngebhetri eqinileyo ayigcini nje ngokugcina ulawulo oluzinzileyo lokusingqongileyo kodwa ikwanciphisa iindleko zokusebenza kwaye iphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso.

Indima ekuvelisweni kwebhetri

Igumbi elomileyo lokwenza iibhetri lisetyenziswa ngexesha leenkqubo eziphambili zemveliso ezifana nee-electrode zokugquma, ukuhlanganiswa kweeseli, kunye nokuzaliswa kwee-electrolyte. Xa usebenza ngee-electrode, umzekelo, ukufuma kuyalungiswa ngendlela yokuba kungenzeki ii-chemical reactions ezingafunekiyo. Ngokufanayo, xa kuhlanganiswa iiseli, amagumbi elomileyo anika iimeko ezigcina izinto ezibuthathaka kumswakama zikwimeko ezinzileyo.

Njengoko imfuno yee-EV iqhubeka isanda, abavelisi kufuneka bonyuse imveliso ngaphandle kokubeka emngciphekweni umgangatho. Oku kuthetha ukutyala imali kwizixhobo zebhetri ezikumgangatho wehlabathi ezinemigangatho yokusebenza nokhuseleko kwihlabathi liphela.

Iingenelo zezisombululo zamagumbi omileyo zanamhlanje

Iingenelo zobuchwepheshe obutsha begumbi elomileyo zidlulela ngaphaya kolawulo lomgangatho ngokwazo:

• Ubomi bebhetri obude kunye nokhuseleko– Ukufuma okuncitshisiweyo kucinezela iimpembelelo ezingezizo ezibangela iintsholongwane, nto leyo enyusa ukuthembeka kwemveliso.
• Ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla– Iinkqubo zanamhlanje ziphinda zisebenzise amandla kwaye zilawula ukuhamba komoya, ngaloo ndlela zinciphisa iindleko zokusebenza.
• Ukuthotyelwa kweeMfuno zeShishini– Amagumbi omileyo ayilwe ngokwemigangatho ye-ISO kunye negumbi lokucoca ukuze kubonelelwe ngomgangatho wemveliso onokuphinda usetyenziswe.

Ngokudibanisa ubunjineli begumbi elomileyo lebhetri kunye netekhnoloji yamva nje, abavelisi banokuhlala benolwazi malunga nokuzinza kokusingqongileyo kunye neemfuno zokusebenza.

Iindlela Zekamva

Itekhnoloji yegumbi elomileyo esetyenziswa kwimveliso yebhetri inekamva elihle, eliqhutywa kukunyuka kokwenziwa kwezinto ngokuzenzekelayo kunye nokwenziwa kwedijithali. Uhlalutyo oluqikelelayo, ukuhlanganiswa kwe-Intanethi yezinto, kunye neenzwa ezikrelekrele ziya kuvumela abavelisi ukuba bajonge ukufuma kunye nobushushu ngexesha langempela. Ukugxila ekusebenzeni kakuhle kwamandla kuya kubangela ukuba kubekho izinto ezintsha zokubuyisa ubushushu kunye nokuhlanganiswa kwamandla avuselelekayo.

Ngotshintsho lwetekhnoloji yebhetri—umz., uphuhliso lweebhetri ezisemgangathweni oqinileyo—imfuno yolawulo oluchanekileyo lokusingqongileyo iya kukhula rhoqo. Amashishini atyala imali kwizixhobo zebhetri ezisemgangathweni ophezulu kunye netekhnoloji yobunjineli ngoku aya kuba phambili ekukhokeleni utshintsho lwamandla.

Isiphelo

Ngokusekelwe kuxinzelelo lokhuphiswano kwishishini lokuvelisa iibhetri, ulawulo lokusingqongileyo lolona luphambili. Ibhetri yegumbi elomileyo eyilwe kakuhle, eqhutywa zizixhobo zegumbi elomileyo zebhetri zanamhlanje kwaye igqitywe ziingcali zegumbi elomileyo zebhetri ezinobuchule, iyimfuneko ukuvelisa iibhetri ezisemgangathweni, ezithembekileyo, nezikhuselekileyo. Kwixesha elizayo, abavelisi abagxile kubuchwepheshe obutsha begumbi elomileyo baya kufunwa kakhulu ngenxa yenqanaba labo lokusebenza, ukonga iindleko, kunye nokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo.