Bitewe n’iterambere ry’inganda n’izamuka ry’imijyi, imicungire y’ibinyabutabire bihindagurika (VOCs) ntiyigeze irushaho kuba nziza cyane. VOC zose zikomoka mu nganda, mu nganda zikora peteroli, mu mazu asize amarangi, no mu icapiro ntabwo ari bibi gusa ku buzima bw’abantu ahubwo no ku bidukikije. Bityo, inganda zirimo gukoresha uburyo bunoze bwo gucunga ibinyabutabire.Sisitemu zo gusukura VOCnk'inzira y'ingenzi mu gukuraho imyuka ihumanya ikirere no gufata ingamba zo kuyikuraho burundu.

Kwiga ku byerekeye VOC n'ingaruka zazo

VOC ni ibintu bihinduka mu kirere bifite umwuka mwinshi w’umwuka ku bushyuhe busanzwe bw’icyumba bityo bigahita bihinduka mu kirere byoroshye. Zimwe mu ngero zizwi cyane za VOC zirimo irangi, kole, imiti isukura, n’ibicanwa. Kumara igihe kirekire ukoresha VOC bishobora gutera indwara z’ubuhumekero, kuribwa umutwe, ndetse n’ingaruka z’igihe kirekire nko kwangirika k’umwijima n’impyiko. Uretse ibi, VOC zikora kandi ozone yo ku butaka n’umwotsi bityo bigatera kwangirika kw’ibidukikije.

Izi ngaruka zigomba kugabanywa hakoreshejwe uburyo bukwiye bwo gukemura imyuka ihumanya ikirere ya VOC mu nganda, kugira ngo imyuka ihumanya ikirere ivurwe neza mu gihe ikorwa kugira ngo igabanye ibidukikije.

Sisitemu zo Gusukura VOC: Incamake y'ikoranabuhanga

Uburyo butandukanye bwo gusukura VOC bushobora kuvura ubwoko butandukanye bwa VOC n'urugero rw'umwuka. Muri rusange, ubwo buryo buzaba bugizwe n'ikoranabuhanga rikurikira:

1. Ibikoresho bitanga ubushyuhe

Izi sisitemu zitwika VOC ku bushyuhe buri hejuru, zigasenya zikavamo umwuka w’amazi udafite ingaruka mbi na dioxyde de carbone. Ibikoresho bitanga ubushyuhe bikoreshwa neza mu gusohora VOC nyinshi kandi bizwiho kwizerwa no gukora neza.

2. Ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa "Catalytic Oxidizers"

Mu gukoresha uburyo bwa catalyst kugira ngo itere imbere oxidation ku bushyuhe buri hasi, catalytic oxidizers ni imiterere ikoresha ingufu nke ugereranyije n'ubushyuhe. Bikwiriye gukoreshwa mu bikorwa birimo urugero ruto rwa VOCs.

3. Sisitemu zo Gukoresha Karuboni Ikora

Akayunguruzo ka karuboni gakoreshwa cyane muImashini zisukura imyuka ya VOC, cyane cyane ku ibyuka bihumanya ikirere bike. Karuboni ikora neza mu kwinjiza molekile za VOC bitewe n’imiterere yayo y’imyenge kandi ni ubundi buryo buhendutse cyane kandi budasaba kwitabwaho cyane.

4. Ibice byo gukurura no kwinjiza amazi

Izi mashini zikura VOC mu miyoboro ya gaze zikoresheje ihindagurika ry'ubushyuhe cyangwa imiti ihumanya. Zikoreshwa cyane hamwe n'izindi koranabuhanga zo gutunganya kugira ngo zongere ikoranabuhanga.

Hari uburyo butandukanye bwo gusukura, buri bumwe bufite inyungu zihariye bushingiye ku nganda, imiterere y’ibyuka bihumanya, n’amabwiriza agenga.

Guhitamo ibikoresho bisukura imyuka ihumanya bya VOC bikwiye

Guhitamo imashini zisukura imyuka ihumanya ya VOC ikwiye ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo imikorere irusheho kuba myiza kandi ikurikize ibidukikije. Ibi bikurikira ni ibi bikurikira:

1. Ubwoko n'ubwinshi bwa VOC

Oxidation y'ubushyuhe ishobora gukoreshwa mu gusohora imyuka myinshi, na sisitemu zo kuyungurura kugira ngo ingano yayo ibe nke.

2. Ingano y'umwuka utembera

Ibikorwa by'inganda bisaba ibikoresho bikomeye kandi bifite ubushobozi bwo hejuru.

3. Gukoresha neza ingufu

Ingufu zikoreshwa ni ikiguzi kinini mu mikorere; bityo, ibikoresho byo kugarura ubushyuhe cyangwa ibikoresho bifasha mu mikorere bizagabanya amafaranga akoreshwa mu mikorere.

4. Amafaranga yo kubungabunga no gukoresha

Ibikoresho bike byo kwimuka n'ibikoresho byo kwisukura bishobora kugabanya igihe cyo gukora isuku n'amafaranga yo kubungabunga.

Binyuze mu gusuzuma neza ibi bipimo, ibikenewe mu kigo bishobora guhuzwa naIbisubizo by'imyanda ya VOC.

Kwinjizwa muri sisitemu zo kugenzura neza

Indi nzira igaragara mu kugenzura imyuka ihumanya ikirere ya VOC mu nganda ni uguhuza sisitemu zo gusukura VOC n'ikoranabuhanga ryo kugenzura mu buryo bw'ubwenge. Izi sisitemu zikoresha ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa sensors na processing kugira ngo zikurikirane imyuka ihumanya ikirere mu buryo buhoraho, zihindure imikorere yazo mu buryo bwikora, kandi zitange imikorere ihamye yo gusukura. Ibi ntibituma imikorere irushaho kuba myiza gusa ahubwo binatanga inyandiko zo kugenzura ibidukikije no kubahiriza amategeko.

Gukurikiza ibisabwa n'amategeko n'intego zo kubungabunga ubucuruzi

Amabwiriza ku isi yose, mu rwego rw'ibihugu nka Ikigo gishinzwe kurengera ibidukikije cya Amerika (EPA), Umuryango w'Ubumwe bw'u Burayi, na za guverinoma z'ibihugu bya Aziya, arimo kugenda arushaho kuba amategeko akomeye agenga imyuka ihumanya ikirere ya VOC. Kutubahiriza amategeko binakurura amande menshi no kwangiza izina ry'umuntu. Ishoramari mu bikoresho nyabyo bisukura imyuka ihumanya ikirere bya VOC ntibirinda amasosiyete gusa ko arinda inshingano ahubwo binafasha mu gushyigikira gahunda zo kubungabunga ibidukikije mu bigo.

Byongeye kandi, amasosiyete menshi arimo gushyira mu bikorwa uburyo bwo kugenzura VOC nk'ingamba zo kwamamaza no kwerekana. Kugira ngo bitaye ku mwuka mwiza, imibereho myiza, no gukora ibikorwa bitangiza ibidukikije.

Umwanzuro

Mu isi ikomeje kurangwa no gukora ibintu bidafite ingaruka ku bidukikije, ibikoresho bisukura imyuka ya VOC ntibikiri ikintu cyo kwishimisha, ahubwo ni ngombwa. Iyo umusaruro wifuzwa binyuze mu kurengera ibidukikije, uburyo bwiza bwo gukoresha imyuka ya VOC ni bwo buryo bwiza bwo gufata. Hamwe no gukoresha ibikoresho bisukura imyuka ya VOC, ibikoresho bisukura imyuka ya VOC, cyangwa ibikoresho byo kuyisukura, ibikoresho byiza byo gusukura imyuka ya VOC bishobora kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ishobora kwirindwa ku buryo bugaragara, kunoza ubwiza bw'ahantu bakorera, no kuba igice cy'ubukangurambaga bw'igihe kirekire bwo kubungabunga ibidukikije.